Research Article

Developing Self-Regulation by Using Reflective Support in a Video-Digital Microteaching Environment

Table 3

SRL coding scheme, description of each aspect and examples of different scoring levels for real-time events.

ComponentsDescriptionExamples of scoring levels1
Score 3Score 2Score 1

Planning(i) Planning actions: stating lesson goals, logical sequence of lesson components, and appraising students’ previous knowledge(i) Presents the lesson or goals clearly“I'll talk today about… I want to achieve in the time I have…" (Clear detailing of the subject and its implications and contributions)(i) Defines clear structure for the lesson, with key sentences clearly listing the lesson's components“The topic of this class is… and therefore… In conclusion…” (i) Presents the lesson in general “Today we will learn about... (Writes on the blackboard the title of the lesson)
Information management(ii) Logical information and guiding students to important information(ii) Uses structured links between subjects; connecting topicsAfter we understood why it is so important … Now, we will read the first part of the story and see the dilemma… Speaking of this topic , I want to show you another source…”(ii) Translates information for students, targets and guides throughout the lesson“Now you will divide into groups... You have information about what to do... You'll notice that each group has a list of sources. Only use what is relevant for your group…”(ii) Does not target material to students, no orderly prioritization of material(After giving an oral presentation, with terminology unfamiliar to the “students”) “You can understand all these concepts with this example…”
MetacognitionMonitoring(iii) Using common sense in timing, in planning and performance, and when dealing with content, learning materials, and accessories(iii) Takes great pains to ensure that the lesson material is understood“Everyone understood the dilemma?”… “Because…” (Encourages students to check whether they have understood) “Why is this different from other cases?”(iii) Makes an effort to ensure students’ comprehension“Any questions so far? Is everything clear?”(iii) Does not check whether the students understood the lesson material“Give me an example of a series” (Students answering: “TV series”) “A TV series. So what does that consist of? (Addresses the class but answers her own question)“First episode, second episode…”
Debugging(iv) Handling content errors and general difficulties(iv) Overcomes difficulties and continues the structured lesson(Following student's question, says) “OK… It's not necessary… but we will see that it must be…” (Continues explanation with a comprehensive answer)(iv) Discusses students’ misconceptions(Following student's comment “What we thought is that…”) “But in the specific cases you have got , is there a connection?(iv) Has difficulty identifying problems and ignores them(Following student's question, says) “Because each column is about a different subject. Should I explain it again? It is not understood?” (Does not explain again)
Evaluating(v) Summary of lesson and dealing with the achievement of lesson goals and students' comprehension(v) Clarifies new concepts taught in class (mentioning “why”)“Let’s summarize what we’ve learned today so that everything is clear. In the next lessons we will continue…”(v) Summarizes lesson and clarifies new concepts“So what do we have here?”
“What kind?”
“I think there were several types. You can see that...”
(v) Summarizes the lesson in general without reference to the students’ comprehension“In conclusion, I wanted to illustrate that…”

Interest and value(vi) “Teaching as a vision”; originality, creativity, and arousing interest(vi) References arousing long-term interest in the students“Now I will tell you a story that I hope will encourage you to teach, even when dealing with different kinds of students…”(vi) Focuses on students' attentionAn exciting beginning for the lesson, using a demonstration(vi) References arousing short-term interest in the students“Today we're going to talk about a very interesting subject...”
MotivationSelf-efficacy(vii) Conducts the lesson efficiently; shows responsibility, involvement in the lesson, and self-confidence(vii) Shows considerable self- confidence when providing students with feedback(At the end of the class assignment, with a broad smile) “Each person gave what they had, and together you worked it out very nicely. There was mutual inspiration...” (vii) Maintains control of the classroom, for example during tasks(i) Reinforcement throughout the lesson: “Well done,” “Good job” and so on(vii) Does not exhibit confidence when providing students with feedback“How do we move from the first to the second part?”
(Student answers: “Add one”)
“OK, Add one, Let's think of another way...”
Teaching anxiety(viii) Shows flexibility of thought, positive physiological reactions, and attentiveness and availability during the lesson(viii) Shows consistent self-confidence and lack of anxiety through the lesson; controls the classroom(i) Tone is clear and calm
(ii) Eye contact with “students”
(iii) Classroom space utilization: moves easily throughout the lesson
(viii) Reacts without teaching anxiety at specific points during the lesson(ii) Fluent speech while answering a “student”(viii) Does not show lack of teaching anxiety(i) Confident stance only by the end of the lesson

13 = explicit use of SRL and considerations of why.
2 = explicit use of SRL without considerations.
1 = implicit use of SRL.