Cognitive Load of Learner Control: Extraneous or Germane Load?

Table 2

Means (standard deviations) of all measured variables, represented per condition.


	No control	Learner control

	69	73
Preexperimental
Prior knowledge test (max. 15)	12.02 (1.89)	11.67 (1.87)
Self-efficacy (max. 48)	32.87 (5.15)	31.34 (6.12)
Prior motivation (total)	98.73 (12.62)	94.63 (13.17)
Working memory capacity (max. 60)	36.35 (9.45)	36.42 (9.35)
Learning outcomes
Course score (in %)	46.94 (13.80)	64.12 (10.762)
Post-test score (in %)	34.92 (11.50)	31.58 (11.73)
Mean mental effort rating (max. 7)	4.19 (.99)	3.80 (.99)
Score on secondary task (max. 11)	5.74 (2.21)	5.75 (2.39)
Difficulty rating (max. 7)	4.49 (1.04)	3.84 (1.11)
Postexperimental motivation (IMI)
Interest/enjoyment (max. 42)	23.78 (6.51)	25.90 (6.18)
Perceived competence (max. 36)	18.68 (4.71)	21.49 (5.25)
Effort/importance (max. 30)	20.49 (4.58)	19.99 (4.94)
Perceived choice (max. 42)	23.34 (6.37)	23.97 (6.87)
Value/usefulness (max. 36)	25.85 (5.07)	26.27 (5.33)