Research Article

Is Organizing Knowledge Effective in Primary Education?

Table 2

Results of the differences between the two age groups.

Group 1Group 2
EGCGF (1, 28)EGCGF (1, 30)
M (SD)M (SD)M (SD)M (SD)

Peabody76.16 (17.34)71.41 (13.36)0.6430.02287.75 (17.15)86.41 (20.12)0.0400.001
Auditory Comprehension33.72 (12.15)26.00 (14.18)2.540.08338.00 (12.86)34.25 (10.48)0.720.024
Visual Comprehension14.00 (4.48)10.91 (4.73)3.250.10417.30 (4.11)14.33 (5.43)3.060.093
Visual Memory8.27 (3.02)6.16 (3.61)3.000.09711.00 (4.30)8.41 (4.71)2.510.077
Auditory Association18.72 (6.45)14.25 (6.15)3.580.11421.85 (7.86)18.75 (10.18)0.930.030
Auditory Memory8.61 (3.39)6.75 (2.92)2.400.07910.80 (3.77)8.25 (3.69)3.470.104
Visual Association20.05 (6.32)14.66 (5.61)5.690.16923.60 (7.27)18.41 (8.71)3.280.099
Visual Integration26.38 (7.07)21.50 (5.90)3.900.12231.45 (6.13)26.25 (8.26)4.140.121
Verbal Expression40.22 (10.95)27.16 (9.84)11.060.28348.80 (13.02)36.75 (14.02)6.060.168
Grammatical Integration20.72 (5.00)13.33 (5.36)14.820.34623.95 (5.90)16.58 (7.46)9.570.242
Motor Expression21.38 (5.03)19.25 (4.35)1.440.04924.40 (5.63)22.00 (6.26)1.250.040
Auditory Integration14.61 (6.11)12.50 (5.28)0.960.03317.15 (6.20)14.50 (6.84)1.260.041

Note. M = Mean, SD = Standard Deviation, Group 1 = year 1 of Primary Education, Group 2 = year 2 of Primary EG = Experimental Group, CG = Control Group. Following the effect sizes Cohen [33] criterion, the effect is small when  < 0.01, average when  ≥ 0.59, and large when  ≥ 1.38. , , .