Research Help-Seeking in Residents of Ophthalmology in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

The status of research help-seeking in residents of ophthalmology.

Constructs	Low level	Lower-middle level	Upper-middle level	High level	Mean ± SD	Current situation
Avoidance of help-seeking	0–8	8–12	12–17.50	17.50–55	13.44 ± 9	Upper-middle level
Adaptive help-seeking	0–19.50	19.50–23	23–25	25–35	22.21 ± 4.59	Lower-middle level
Perceived benefit of help seeking	0–11.50	11.50–12	12–14.50	14.50–15	12.51 ± 1.87	Upper-middle level