Feasibility of Remote Real-Time Guidance of a Cardiac Examination Performed by Novices Using a Pocket-Sized Ultrasound Device

Table 2

Comparison of technically adequate CLUE views and diagnostic accuracy for each abnormality between guided-novice PUD and gold-standard echocardiogram.

Signs	(𝑛)	Novice quality; (% tech. adequate)	Echo quality; (% tech. adequate)	Sens. (%)	Spec. (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)	ACC. (%)
LVSD	5	3.1±0.8 (85)	3.7±0.6 (96)	80	95	80	95	93
LAE	16	3.1±0.7 (89)	3.7±0.6 (95)	69	82	85	64	74
ULC+	5	3.2±0.4 (100)	3.9±0.4 (100)	40	100	100	94	94
eCVP	1	3.1±1.0 (78)	3.4±0.7 (89)	100	96	96	100	96
Total	27	3.2±0.7 (90)	3.7±0.5 (96)	67	96	82	92	90

𝑛: number of abnormality; quality scores reported as mean ± SD; Sens.: sensitivity; Spec.: specificity, PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; ACC.: accuracy.