Use of the SONET Score to Evaluate High Volume Emergency Department Overcrowding: A Prospective Derivation and Validation Study

Table 1

General patient characteristic and operational variables in both the derivation and validation studies.

General information	July 2013 study at JPS	Aug 2014 study at BUMC
Total number of patients ()	6,799	6,302
Number of patients for data analysis ()	5,748	6,037
Male (%)	2,620 (45.58%)	2,724 (45.12%)
Age (mean (SD), 95% CI)	(42.48 (15.45), 42.07–42.89)	(44.60 (20.28), 44.09–45.11)
Acuity level ()
ESI-1	200	60
ESI-2	1,351	1,979
ESI-3	2,560	2,551
ESI-4	1,278	1,249
ESI-5	283	184
Unclassified	76	9
Total number of admissions (%)	1,200 (20.88%)	1,288 (21.34%)
Total number of patients LWBS (%)	527 (9.17%)	296 (4.90%)

ED: Emergency Department; SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; ESI: emergency severity index; LWBS: left without being seen.
In this study, a total of 5,748 patients from JPS had age and gender information due to restricted information not able to be released for other 245 patients.