Expert-Performed Endotracheal Intubation-Related Complications in Trauma Patients: Incidence, Possible Risk Factors, and Outcomes in the Prehospital Setting and Emergency Department

Table 3

Logistic regression models for occurrence of airway-related complications in injured patients.

	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	Crude OR (95% CI)	P value	AOR (95% CI)	P value
Prehospital ETI	1.75 (1.13–2.70)	0.011	0.99 (0.58–1.66)	0.955
Male	0.72 (0.47–1.09)	0.121	0.64 (0.41–1.01)	0.053
Rapid-sequence intubation	0.51 (0.34–0.78)	0.002	0.67 (0.41–1.08)	0.099
AIS head or neck	1.10 (1.00–1.21)	0.041	-	-
ISS	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	0.002	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.161
GCS	0.90 (0.86–0.95)	< 0.001	0.93 (0.88–0.98)	0.009
RTS	0.82 (0.73–0.92)	0.001	-	-
Ps	0.33 (0.18–0.58)	< 0.001	-	-
Heart rate	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.022	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.023
Respiratory rate	1.01 (0.99–1.03)	0.230	1.01 (0.99–1.04)	0.203
Three or more ETI attempts	21.53 (4.75–97.6)	< 0.001	15.71 (3.37–73.2)	< 0.001
Pulse oximetry saturation	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.389	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.733

AIS: Abbreviated Injury Scale, AOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, ED: emergency department, ETI: endotracheal intubation, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale Score, ISS: Injury Severity Score, OR: odds ratio, Ps: probability of survival, RTS: Revised Trauma Score.
Adjustment for all variables included in the table. The patient group that did not experience ETI-related complication was the reference set.
Good fit was verified with the Hosmer–Lemeshow test (P = 0.139). The c statistic for the model was 0.704. “AIS head or neck” was not used as an explanatory variable because of its strong correlation with GCS. RTS is a weighted physiological scoring system consisting of the GCS, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate. Therefore, RTS was not included as an explanatory variable in this model. Ps was not included because it is calculated from ISS, RTS, and age.