Potential Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Blunt Multiple Trauma Who Survive Initial Resuscitation
Table 1
Patients demographics, findings on initial evaluation, and hospitalization.
Survivors (n=152, 88)
Nonsurvivors (n=43, 22)
All patients (n=195)
p
Age (years)
44±18
51±22
45±19
0.068
Sex (n[])
0.212
Female
38 (25%)
14 (33%)
52 (27%)
Male
114 (75%)
29 (67%)
143 (73%)
Comorbidity (n [])
12 (8%)
5 (12%)
7 (4%)
0.312
Mechanism of injury (n[])
0.101
Motor vehicle accident
70 (46%)
11 (26%)
81 (42%)
Pedestrian accident
37 (23%)
15 (35%)
52 (27%)
Fall from height
39 (25%)
14 (33%)
53 (27%)
Other (e.g., motorcycle, bicycle, tractor)
6 (4%)
3 (7%)
9 (5%)
GCS
13±3
8±4
12±4
0.0001
ISS
30±13
51±17
35±16
0.0001
APACHE II
10±8
34±9
15±13
0.0001
Surgery (n[])
116 (76%)
33 (77%)
149 (76%)
0.565
Emergent surgery
30 (20%)
23 (53%)
53 (27%)
0.0001
Urgent surgery
97 (64%)
18 (42%)
115 (59%)
0.008
Hospitalization of the patients (n[])
0.0001
Surgical wards
45 (30%)
1 (2%)
46 (24%)
ICU
107 (70%)
42 (98%)
149 (76%)
Duration of hospital stay (days)
15±17
15±17
15±17
0.175
Duration of ICU stay (days)
10±16
15±17
11±17
0.003
GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS: Injury Severity Score; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; ICU: Intensive care unit. p values for comparisons between the surviving and nonsurviving groups. For example, bladder, kidney, ureter, maxillofacial, tissue defect, and vascular injury
