Research Article

An IoT-Based Smart System with an MQTT Broker for Individual Patient Vital Sign Monitoring in Potential Emergency or Prehospital Applications

Figure 1

Proposed system architecture, including the layout and system structure, how each device (developed with an MCU, including an ESP32 and an Arduino MKR1000) measures clients’ physiological health parameters and transmits sensor data via an MQTT broker to the cloud platform (which is established in this research), and how all data are stored in a database server that is accessible via a website. Users can instantly obtain any measured result on an RFID device after taking a measurement, including head temperature, body temperature, body weight, blood oxygen level, and blood pressure. In particular, users can obtain integrated online health reports through a browser via a PC, smartphone, etc. Furthermore, all information can be collected and classified into personal health records via health ID cards and synchronously shared with family members and physicians. This proposed system architecture facilitates information sharing (isolated from developers’ technology barriers and gaps) based on pure information flows through an MQTT broker despite using individual information technology (IT) structures designed and developed by each enterprise or organization.