The number of traumatic brain injuries is on the rise worldwide, being among the most common causes of disability and death in many countries. Due to groundbreaking mechanistic studies and randomized clinical trials, the approach to neurotrauma patients has remarkably evolved in recent years, increasing the quality of acute care provided by a broad spectrum of specialists, including prehospital and emergency doctors and nurses, neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, anesthetists, and intensivists. Despite the availability of updated management guidelines, new imaging tools, validated surgical strategies and optimized protocols for clinical follow-up, the early resuscitation, and management of difficult cases still represent a clinical, surgical, and ethical challenge most of the time.

It is therefore clear that original research articles, reviews, and clinical studies revolving around the emergency medical and surgical management of traumatic brain injuries can bring valuable insights from both a scientific and teaching perspective. Accordingly, we are reaching out to a vast scientific community and seek their contributions for this special issue of Emergency Medicine International.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Prehospital assessment and neuroimaging of challenging traumatic brain injuries (nonaccidental brain injuries, sports related brain injuries, penetrating injuries, depressed skull fractures, blast injuries including battlefield cases, roles of explorative burr holes in remote environment, etc.)
• Management of brain traumas in polytrauma patients (mobilization, assessment scores, targets for SpO2, CO2, volume replacement, etc.)
• Neuromonitoring in intensive care unit (invasive/noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring, transcranial Doppler, temperature- and glucomonitoring, etc.)
• Surgical techniques for decompressive craniectomy/cranioplasty, complications, and redo surgery
• Management of posttraumatic pathologies (hydrocephalus, syndrome of the trephined, pseudoaneurysms, sinus thrombosis, chronic subdural hematomas, postconcussion encephalopathy, etc.)
• Early and late medical complications in traumatic brain injuries (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, infections, etc.)