Review Article
Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
Table 5
Physicochemical properties of selected pullulan-hydrolyzing enzymes from various microorganisms.
| Organism | (kDa)
| pI | OptimalββpH | Optimal temperature (Β°C) | Reference |
| Type I pullulanase | β | β | β | β | β | βBacillus flavocaldarius KP 1228 | 55 | n.d.b | 7.0 | 75β80 | [51] | βStreptomyces sp. No. 27 | n.d. | n.d. | 4β7 | 55β60 | [52] | βThermus caldophilus GK-24 | 65 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 75 | [27] | βFervidobacterium pennavorans Ven 5 | 240 | n.d. | 6.0 | 85 | [28] | βBacillus thermoleovorans US 105 (expressed in E. coli) | n.d. | n.d. | 5.6β6.0 | 75 | [30]
| Type II pullulanase | β | β | β | β | β | βThermoanaerobacter strain B6A | 450 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 75 | [53] | βClostridium thermosulfurigenes EM 1 | 102 | n.d. | 5.5β6.0 | 60β65 | [54] | βPyrococcus furiosus | 110 | n.d. | 5.5 | 98 | [55] | βThermococcus litoralis | 119 | n.d. | 5.5 | 98 | [55] | βDesulfurococcus mucosus | n.d. | n.d. | 5.0 | 100 | [56] | βThermococcus celer | n.d. | n.d. | 5.5 | 90 | [56] | βThermococcus strain TY | n.d. | n.d. | 6.5 | 100 | [56] | βPyrococcus woesei | 90 | n.d. | 6.0 | 100 | [26] | βThermococcus hydrothermalis | 110β128 | n.d. | 5.5 | 95 | [14] | βDesulfurococcus mucosus expressed in Bacillus subtilis | 66 | n.d. | 5.0 | 85 | [32] | Neopullulanases | β | β | β | β | β | βBacillus stearothermophilus expressed in B. subtilis | 62
| n.d.
| 6.0
| 60β65
| [42] | βBacillus stearothermophilus TRS 40 | 62 | n.d. | 6.0 | 60β65 | [42] | βBacteroides thetaiotaomicron 95-1 | 70 | n.d. | 6.5 | 37 | [57] | βBacillus polymyxa CECT 155 | n.d. | n.d. | 6.0 | 50 | [58]
| Isopullulanases | β | β | β | β | β | βAspergillus niger ATCC 9642 | 69β71 | n.d. | 3.5 | 40 | [36] | βBacillus sp. US 149 | 200 | n.d. | 5.0 | 60 | [31] | Alkaline amylopullulanase | β | β | β | β | β | βBacillus sp. KSM-1876 | 120 | 5.2 | 10β10.5 | 50 | [59] | βBacillus sp. KSM 1378 | 210 | 4.8 | 9.5 | 50 | [41]
| Pullulan hydrolase type III | β | β | β | β | β | βThermococcus aggregans expressed in E. coli | n.d.
| n.d.
| 6.5 | 95 | [37] |
|
|
aMolecular mass; bnot detected by the researchers.
|