Financial Strain Is Associated with Malnutrition Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Women

Table 2

Multivariable logistic regression analyses of the relationship between lack of income for food and malnutrition risk in women aged 70–79 (𝑛=679).

	Model 1; OR (95% CI)	Model 2; OR (95% CI)	Model 3; OR (95% CI)
Lack income for food
Never (ref)	—	—	—
Once in a while	2.24 (1.23, 4.10)	1.52 (0.78, 2.96)	1.61 (0.83, 3.10)
Fairly/very often	4.31 (1.94, 9.57)	2.73 (1.14, 6.56)	2.98 (1.15, 7.73)
Education (years)		1.00 (0.94, 1.04)	0.99 (0.95, 1.04)
Income
$25,000≤ (ref)		—	—
$10,000–24,999		0.90 (0.44, 1.86)	0.84 (0.41, 1.71)
$6,000–9,999		0.92 (0.43, 1.95)	0.72 (0.33, 1.58)
<$6,000		3.16 (1.39, 7.16)	2.77 (1.10, 6.98)
Other demographics
Age (years)			1.11 (1.02, 1.21)
Race
White (ref)			—
Black			0.82 (0.45, 1.52)
Marital status
Married (ref)			—
Widowed			1.87 (0.98, 3.60)
Separated/divorced			1.55 (0.54, 4.42)
Never married			1.84 (0.57, 5.97)