Evolution and Prospects for Intracranial Pharmacotherapy for Refractory Epilepsies: The Subdural Hybrid Neuroprosthesis

Figure 6

Photograph of a rat wearing the dual HNP minipump during an experiment. Depending on the tubing arrangement of the minipump, the device can either direct, in an alternating fashion, two solutions into the brain or can remove CSF from the subarachnoid space before drug delivery. The pump, weighing 30 g, moves fluids to and from two flexible, tissue-compatible silicone reservoirs, of which size can be readily increased to accommodate large volumes for long-term delivery.