Discrete Element Analysis for Hydraulic Fracture Propagations in Laminated Reservoirs with Complex Initial Joint Properties

Figure 7

Effects of joint strength on the percentage of each fracture type. (Sjs represents shear failure of bedding planes. Sjt represents tensile failure of bedding planes. Pbs represents shear failure of the shale matrix. Pbt represents tensile failure of the shale matrix).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)