Influence of Flaw Inclination Angle on Unloading Responses of Brittle Rock in Deep Underground

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2019/4657645/figures/4657645.fig.0014a.svgz" name="4657645.fig.0014a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Intact specimen</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2019/4657645/figures/4657645.fig.0014b.svgz" name="4657645.fig.0014b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Specimen with <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 32.7128 11.0031" width="32.7128pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M545 106L524 126C493 85 467 65 455 65C438 65 427 113 405 238C448 295 498 362 543 439L533 448L478 435C453 386 423 331 398 295H395C370 404 347 448 282 448C169 448 23 309 23 153C23 54 65 -12 128 -12C203 -12 283 70 339 155H341C360 29 380 -12 411 -12C444 -12 491 11 545 106ZM333 204C265 95 210 54 169 54C137 54 113 96 113 171C113 302 191 405 252 405C301 405 318 306 333 204Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.017,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.28,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,28.52,-5.741)"><path d="M339 262C339 340 273 403 193 403S48 340 48 262S113 121 193 121S339 184 339 262ZM283 262C283 210 242 168 193 168S104 210 104 262S144 356 193 356S283 314 283 262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2019/4657645/figures/4657645.fig.0014c.svgz" name="4657645.fig.0014c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>Specimen with <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 38.9762 11.0031" width="38.9762pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M545 106L524 126C493 85 467 65 455 65C438 65 427 113 405 238C448 295 498 362 543 439L533 448L478 435C453 386 423 331 398 295H395C370 404 347 448 282 448C169 448 23 309 23 153C23 54 65 -12 128 -12C203 -12 283 70 339 155H341C360 29 380 -12 411 -12C444 -12 491 11 545 106ZM333 204C265 95 210 54 169 54C137 54 113 96 113 171C113 302 191 405 252 405C301 405 318 306 333 204Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.017,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 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283 262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="d"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2019/4657645/figures/4657645.fig.0014d.svgz" name="4657645.fig.0014d" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(d) </b>Specimen with <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 38.9762 11.0031" width="38.9762pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M545 106L524 126C493 85 467 65 455 65C438 65 427 113 405 238C448 295 498 362 543 439L533 448L478 435C453 386 423 331 398 295H395C370 404 347 448 282 448C169 448 23 309 23 153C23 54 65 -12 128 -12C203 -12 283 70 339 155H341C360 29 380 -12 411 -12C444 -12 491 11 545 106ZM333 204C265 95 210 54 169 54C137 54 113 96 113 171C113 302 191 405 252 405C301 405 318 306 333 204Z"></path></g><g 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283 262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="e"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2019/4657645/figures/4657645.fig.0014e.svgz" name="4657645.fig.0014e" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(e) </b>Specimen with <svg height="11.0031pt" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 38.9762 11.0031" width="38.9762pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M545 106L524 126C493 85 467 65 455 65C438 65 427 113 405 238C448 295 498 362 543 439L533 448L478 435C453 386 423 331 398 295H395C370 404 347 448 282 448C169 448 23 309 23 153C23 54 65 -12 128 -12C203 -12 283 70 339 155H341C360 29 380 -12 411 -12C444 -12 491 11 545 106ZM333 204C265 95 210 54 169 54C137 54 113 96 113 171C113 302 191 405 252 405C301 405 318 306 333 204Z"></path></g><g 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262Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr></table>

<div>Cracking process of specimens under unloading condition (the red short lines in numerical specimens represent microcracks).</div>

Geofluids

fig14

Figure 14

Figure 14: Influence of Flaw Inclination Angle on Unloading Responses of Brittle Rock in Deep Underground 