DEM Analysis and Simplified Calculation of Passive Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls Backfilled with Sand Considering Strain-Softening Behavior

<div>Schematics of calculation model.</div>

Geofluids

fig10

Figure 10

Figure 10: DEM Analysis and Simplified Calculation of Passive Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls Backfilled with Sand Considering Strain-Softening Behavior 

Figure 10 | DEM Analysis and Simplified Calculation of Passive Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls Backfilled with Sand Considering Strain-Softening Behavior 