Research Article
Modeling the Viscoelastic Behavior of Quartz and Clay Minerals in Shale by Nanoindentation Creep Tests
Table 1
Indentation data related to quartz and minerals in shale.
| Minerals | Pmax (mN) | h0 (nm) | hmax (nm) | Creep depth (nm) | Hardness (GPa) | Young’s modulus (GPa) | Ave. | Std. | Ave. | Std. | Ave. | Std. | Ave. | Std. | Ave. | Std. |
| Clay minerals | 5 | 555.3 | 61.2 | 610.5 | 56.1 | 55.1 | 5.6 | 0.67 | 0.12 | 25.64 | 4.41 | 10 | 714.8 | 27.1 | 789.1 | 30.9 | 74.3 | 11.5 | 0.82 | 0.05 | 26.84 | 7.79 | 30 | 1192.7 | 87.2 | 1299.0 | 82.1 | 106.3 | 11.6 | 0.92 | 0.17 | 25.07 | 2.14 | 50 | 1580.2 | 71.1 | 1720.6 | 62.9 | 140.4 | 29.4 | 0.80 | 0.06 | 33.97 | 0.62 | Quartz | 5 | 156.8 | 3.6 | 170.5 | 4.8 | 13.7 | 1.3 | 11.72 | 0.38 | 93.15 | 4.05 | 10 | 240.5 | 1.2 | 255.5 | 1.8 | 15.1 | 1.1 | 11.40 | 0.06 | 86.08 | 1.64 | 30 | 428.1 | 1.8 | 455.9 | 2.9 | 27.8 | 2.0 | 11.93 | 0.47 | 89.48 | 1.84 | 50 | 574.6 | 3.4 | 604.9 | 5.9 | 30.3 | 2.7 | 12.37 | 0.25 | 84.08 | 1.42 |
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Pmax: peak load; h0: the indentation depth at the beginning of hold time; hmax: maximum indentation depth.
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