Changes in single nucleotides can result in substitution, deletion, and insertion mutations. It can also cause changes in the coding, noncoding or intergenic regions of the DNA. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a coding sequence will not necessarily change the amino acid sequence of the protein due to the degeneracy of the genetic code. However, SNPs in non-coding regions may have an impact on regulatory processes (e.g., splicing, transcription binding, etc). Such variations in the DNA sequence in humans can affect how humans develop a disease and/or respond to medication, vaccine, a pathogen, etc.

SNPs may not necessarily cause a disorder. However, some are responsible for genetic effects that produce susceptibility to most diseases. These associations allow scientists to look for SNPs in order to evaluate an individual's genetic predisposition to developing a disease. In addition, if certain SNPs are known to be associated with a trait, then scientists may examine stretches of DNA near these SNPs in an attempt to identify the gene or genes responsible for the trait. The association of particular SNPs with certain genetic disorders may enable scientists to work on the concept of personalized medicine. SNP studies are now important in biomedical research in terms of comparing regions of the genome between different cohorts (i.e., matched cohorts with and without a disease). Many scientists are trying to correlate SNPs with different genetic diseases/disorders in different regions of the world while working on different local populations. These types of studies can help clinicians predict earlier a patient with a disease. These studies can also provide foundations for physicians and help them think about personalizing medication.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together original research and review articles focusing on SNPs in neurological disorders. We welcome submissions discussing SNPs in Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and seizures. We also encourage submissions including SNPs in Alzheimer's disease, stroke, ataxia, headaches, and meningitis.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• SNPs in Parkinson’s disease
• SNPs in epilepsy and seizures
• SNPs in Alzheimer’s disease
• SNPs in stroke
• SNPs in ataxia
• SNPs in cluster headaches, tension headaches, and migraine headaches
• SNPs in meningitis