Daphnia as an Emerging Epigenetic Model Organism

Table 1

Epigenetic assay systems.

Assay system	Species	F0 treatment	F0 effects	F1	F2	Reference
Helmets	D. cucullata	Kairomones	n.d.	Increase	Increase	[16]
	D. cucullata	Kairomones	Increase	n.d.	n.d.	[29]
	D. lumholtzi	Kairomones	Increase	n.d.	n.d.	[29]
	D. ambigua	Kairomones	Increase	n.d.	n.d.	[29]
Neckteeth	D. pulex	Kairomones	Increase	n.d.	n.d.	[29]
Growth	D. magna	5-azacytidine	Decrease (day 7 only)	Decrease	Decrease (day 7 only)	[34]
		Genistein	Decrease	n.s.	n.s.	[34]
		Vinclozolin	Decrease	n.s.	n.s.	[34]
		Zinc	Decrease (day 6 only)	Decrease (day 6 only)	n.s.	[35]
Reproduction	D. magna	5-azacytidine	Decrease	Decrease	n.s.	[34]
		Genistein	Decrease	n.s.	n.s.	[34]
		Vinclozolin	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.	[34]
		Zinc	Decrease	n.s.	n.s.	[36]
Global DNA methylation	D. magna	Zinc	n.s.	Decrease	Increase	[37]
		5-azacytidine	Decrease	Decrease	Decrease	[34]
		Genistein	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.	[34]
		Vinclozolin	Decrease	n.s.	Decrease	[34]

Data summarized here is for a treated F0 generation with subsequent generations untreated. n.s. denotes nonsignificant results. n.d. denotes that those trials were not done.