Long Noncoding RNAs in Digestive System Malignancies: A Novel Class of Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets?

Table 1

An overview of the biomarker potential of lncRNAs for colorectal and gastric cancer.

lncRNA	Cancer type	Sample	Expression	Clinical application	Reference
CRNDE (splice variants)	CRC	Tissue	Up	Diagnosis	[78]
CRNDE h	CRC	Plasma	Up	Diagnosis	[78]
ncRuPAR	CRC	Tissue	Down	Diagnosis	[79]
MALAT1	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[87]
PVT1	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[55]
UCA1	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[88]
PCAT-1	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[89]
91H	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[90]
LOC285194	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[93]
ncRAN	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[94]
RP11-462C24.1	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[95]
u.73	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[96]
H19	GC	Plasma	Up	Diagnosis	[114]
	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[104]
Linc00152	GC	Gastric juice	Up	Diagnosis	[115]
AA174084	GC	Gastric juice	Up	Diagnosis	[110]
AC138128.1	GC	Tissue	Down	Diagnosis	[109]
ANRIL	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[105]
GHET1	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[43]
HULC	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[106]
CCAT2	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[120]
FENDRR	GC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[111]
GACAT1	GC	Tissue	Down	Diagnosis/favorable prognosis	[112]
LET	GC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[121]
BM742401	GC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[122]
CCAT1 (CARLo-5)	CRC	Tissue/blood	Up	Screening/diagnosis/monitoring of disease progression	[81]
	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[119]
HOTAIR	CRC	Tissue/blood	Up (blood)	Unfavorable prognosis	[65, 85, 86]
	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[100, 101, 103]
LSINCT5	CRC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[92]
	GC	Tissue	Up	Unfavorable prognosis	[92]
GAS5	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[97]
	GC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[57]
MEG3	CRC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[60]
	GC	Tissue	Down	Favorable prognosis	[59]