Optimal Endpoint of Therapy in IBD: An Update on Factors Determining a Successful Drug Withdrawal

Table 2

Adverse events in pro- and retrospective studies.

Author	Year	Drug	Adverse events/side effects (number of cases)	Death from (number of cases)
Dissanayake and Truelove [10]	1973	Sulphasalazine	Nausea (2); headache (1)	0
Ardizzone et al. [11]	1999	5-ASA	Abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea (3)	0
O’Donoghue et al. [13]	1978	Azathioprine		Pancytopenia (1)
Hawthorne et al. [12]	1992	Azathioprine	Transient bone marrow suppression (2)	0
Bouhnik et al. [16]	1996	Azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine	Leucopenia (18), thrombocytopenia (2), liver abnormalities (4), urinary tract infections (4), malignant melanoma (1), cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (1), renal carcinoma (1), and brain lymphoma (1)	0
Lémann et al. [15]	2005	Azathioprine	Mild leucopenia reversed with dose reduction (1)	Myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
Mantzaris et al. [17]	2007	Azathioprine	Headache (17), paraesthesias (1), flu (7), herpes simplex (5), herpes zoster (2), bronchitis (2), transient psoriasis rash (1), transient leucopenia (3), significant leucopenia (2), no malignancies	0
Treton et al. [18]	2009	Azathioprine	Moderate leucopenia, reversed by dose adjustment (3)	Breast cancer (1); disseminated varicella (1 treated with azathioprine in combination with infliximab)
Fraser et al. [19]	2002	Methotrexate	Nausea and vomiting (7), increased diarrhea (2), severe stomatitis (1), leucopenia (3), pneumonia (1), fever (1), shingles (1), elevated liver enzyme (2), photosensitive rash (1)	Multiple organ failure (1)
Domènech et al. [20]	2005	Infliximab	Acute infusion reactions (5); no malignancies, opportunistic infections	0
Schnitzler et al. [21]	2009	Infliximab	Acute infusion reactions (15), delayed infusion reactions (33), herpes zoster (1), abdominal tuberculosis (1), neuritis optica (1), central demyalinising lesion (1), extensive multiple sclerosis-like neurological symptoms (1)	Aspergillus infection (1)
Louis et al. [22]	2012	Infliximab	No serious adverse events	0
Molnár et al. [23]	2013	Infliximab or adalimumab	In 10.9% of patients, none of them serious	0
Farkas et al. [24]	2013	Infliximab	No serious adverse events	0