Prevalence of Budd-Chiari Syndrome during Pregnancy or Puerperium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Overview of the included studies.

Authors; (year)	Journal	Country	Enrollment period	Number of patients with BCS	Sex, M/F	Site of obstruction (BCS)			Number of patients with pregnancy-related BCS	Prevalence of pregnancy-related BCS	Time of BCS diagnosis
						HV	IVC	Combined
Harmanci et al.; (2013) [22]	Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology	Turkey	1989.1–2011.5	62	26/36	35	8	19	2	3.2% (2/62); 5.6% (2/36^†)	During pregnancy
Das et al.; (2011) [17]	Hepatology International	India	Last 6 years	68	29/39		NA		13	19.1% (13/68); 33.3% (13/39^†)	During pregnancy in 5 patients; during puerperium in 8 patients
Sakr et al.; (2011) [31]	World Journal of Gastroenterology	Egypt	2009.4–2011.2	94	36/58	70	3	21	10	10.6% (10/94); 17.2% (10/58^†)	During pregnancy
Rautou et al.; (2009) [30]	Gut	France	1995.1–2005.12	96	NA		NA		7	7.3% (7/96); 16.3% (7/43^*)	During pregnancy or puerperium
Murad et al.; (2009) [3]	Annals of Internal Medicine	9 European countries^&	2003.10–2005.10	163	70/93	80	4	79	6	3.7% (6/163); 6.5% (6/93^†)	Pregnancy within 3 months before diagnosis
Hoekstra et al.; (2009) [23]	Journal of Hepatology	Netherlands	2003.10–2005.10	77	32/45	38	1	38	2	2.6% (2/77); 4.4% (2/45^†)	During pregnancy
Uskudar et al.; (2008) [33]	World Journal of Gastroenterology	Turkey	2002.2–2004.4	75	35/40	35	23	17	5	6.7% (5/75); 12.5% (5/40^†)	During pregnancy
Han et al.; (2002) [21]	Journal of Hebei Medical College for Continuing Education	China	1993.1–2002.3	48	31/17	2	33	13	1	2.1% (1/48); 5.9% (1/17^†)	During pregnancy
Deltenre et al.; (2001) [18]	Gut	France	1994–1999	63	15/48	NA	11	NA	3	4.8% (3/63); 6.3% (3/48^†)	During pregnancy
Mohanty et al.; (2001) [28]	Hepatology	India	1995–2000	53	NA	19	18	16	2	3.8% (2/53)	During pregnancy
Emre et al.; (2000) [20]	The American Journal of Surgery	Turkey	1993–1999	13	4/9		NA		2	15.4% (2/13); 22.2% (2/9^†)	During Puerperium
Singh et al.; (2000) [32]	Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology	India	1992–1997	71	18/53	20	10	41	4	5.6% (4/71); 7.5% (4/53^†)	During pregnancy
Li et al.; (1997) [26]	Chinese Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology	China	Last 10 years	22	18/4		NA		1	4.5% (1/22); 25.0% (1/4^†)	During puerperium
Wang et al.; (1996) [34]	Henan Journal of Diagnosis and Therapy	China	1990.6–1993.8	96	49/47	5	91	NA	2	2.1% (2/96); 4.3% (2/47^†)	During pregnancy
Okuda et al.; (1995) [29]	Journal of Hepatology	Japan	1975.1–1989.12	157	87/70	9	20		0	0% (0/157); 0% (0/70^†)	During pregnancy
Dilawari et al.; (1994) [19]	Medicine	India	1967–1991.12	177	96/81	28	24	67^▲	38	21.5% (38/177); 46.9% (38/81^†)	During pregnancy or early puerperium
Malekzadeh et al.; (1994) [27]	Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences	Iran	1984.6–1994.12	22	2/20	6	6	4	4	18.2% (4/22); 20.0% (4/20^†)	During pregnancy or puerperium
Jamieson et al.; (1991) [24]	Annales de Chirurgie	England	1976.11–1990.5	26	NA		NA		1	7.7% (1/13^※)	During pregnancy
Wang (1991); [35]	Chinese Journal of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases	China	1982.12–1991.3	250	NA		NA		1	0.4% (1/250)	During pregnancy
Khuroo and; Datta (1980); [25]	American Journal of Medicine	India	1963–1978	105	NA		NA		16	15.2% (16/105)	During pregnancy or early puerperium

Abbreviations: BCS, Budd-Chiari syndrome; NA, not available; number of female with BCS; number of female with BCS aged 15–45 years at diagnosis; ^&includes France, Spain, Italy, Great Britain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Switzerland; the type of BCS is unclassifiable in 2 patients; ^▲119 patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic hepatovenography and IVC catheterization with contrast study to evaluate the location of HV outflow occlusion; and ^※possible etiological factors were identified in 13 cases.