Efficacy of Tenofovir-Based Combination Therapy versus Tenofovir Monotherapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Presenting with Suboptimal Responses to Pretreatment: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.

Study	Centers	Design		Age (year)	Sex (M/F)	Positive; HBeAg ()	HBV DNA; ( copies/mL)	Regimen	Therapy; duration; (week)	Treatment; experience	Resistant mutations
Berg et al. [14]	Multi	RCT	M: 53	40 ± 11.4	38/15	38	6.06 ± 1.43	TDF 300 mg/d	48	LAM, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M, rtV173L, rtN236T, rtA181V/T
			C: 52	39 ± 10.4	42/10	39	5.87 ± 1.78	TDF 300 mg/d; FTC 200 mg/d
Liaw et al. [15]	Multi	RCT	M: 45	52 ± 2.3	37/8	19	5.7 ± 0.43	TDF 300 mg/d	48	LAM, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M
			C: 45	50 ± 4	40/5	23	6.28 ± 0.7	TDF 300 mg/d; FTC 200 mg/d
Seto et al. [19]	Single	Cohort	M: 71	NA	NA	NA	NA	TDF 300 mg/d	144	LAM, LdT, ETV, ADV	rtA181V/T, rtN236T, rtA194T
			C: 54	NA	NA	NA	NA	TDF 300 mg/d; LAM 100 mg/d
Lee et al. [22]	Single	Cohort	M: 33	54 ± 10.8	22/11	16	2.83 ± 1.62	TDF 300 mg/d	48	LAM, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M
			C: 120	54 ± 8.3	84/36	80	2.77 ± 1.09	TDF 300 mg/d; LAM 100 mg/d
Fung et al. [16]	Multi	RCT	M: 141	47.1 ± 13.6	104/37	65	5.64 ± 1.83	TDF 300 mg/d	96	LAM	rtM204V/I, rtL180M
			C: 139	46.3 ± 13.6	107/32	68	5.77 ± 1.97	TDF 300 mg/d; FTC 200 mg/d
Lu et al. [20]	Multi	Cohort	M: 25	40 ± 14	16/9	22	3.10 ± 0.95	TDF 300 mg/d	48	ETV	NA
			C: 43	40 ± 10.8	27/16	41	3.57 ± 0.90	TDF 300 mg/d; ETV 1 mg/d
Choi et al. [21]	Single	Cohort	M: 34	48 ± 8	23/11	26	4.76 ± 1.7	TDF 300 mg/d	48	LAM, LdT, ETV, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M, rt181A, rt236T, rtT184, rtI169, rtS202
			C: 42	50 ± 13	33/9	36	4.54 ± 1.76	TDF 300 mg/d; NAs
Lim et al. [17]	Single	RCT	M: 45	51 ± 9	32/13	40	4.09 ± 0.6	TDF 300 mg/d	48	LAM, LdT, ETV, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M, rt236T, rtT184, rtI169T, rtS202G, rtM250L/V
			C: 45	52 ± 10	36/9	40	3.74 ± 0.46	TDF 300 mg/d; ETV 1 mg/d
Yoo et al. [18]	Single	RCT	M: 50	49 ± 10	42/8	44	3.27 ± 1.8	TDF 300 mg/d	96	LAM, LdT, ETV, ADV	rtM204V/I, rtL180M, rtA181T/V, rtN236T, rtT184, rtS202G, rtM250 L/V, rtM204V/I
			C: 52	50 ± 11	46/6	46	3.50 ± 1.69	TDF 300 mg/d; ETV 1 mg/d

M: monotherapy group; C: combination therapy group; TDF: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; FTC: emtricitabine; LAM: lamivudine; ETV: entecavir; ADV: adefovir dipivoxil; LdT: telbivudine; RCT: randomized controlled trial; and NA: not available.