Clinical Risk Factors for Gastroduodenal Ulcer in Romanian Low-Dose Aspirin Consumers
Table 1
Group differences regarding studied factors in patients treated with low-dose aspirin.
Variables
Ulcer-group
No lesion-group
OR
95% CI
No.
%
No.
%
Male gender
35
68.6
53
49.1
0.02
0.44
0.21–0.88
Age > 70
20
39.2
43
39.8
0.94
0.97
0.49–1.42
Peptic ulcer history
26
61.9
37
39.8
0.01
2.45
1.16–5.19
H. pylori positive
25
50.0
38
36.5
0.11
1.73
0.87–3.43
Anticoagulants
16
31.4
14
13.2
0.007
3.00
1.32–6.79
NSAIDs
12
25.0
9
8.9
0.008
3.40
1.32–8.77
Heart failure
38
82.6
52
60.5
0.009
3.10
1.29–7.46
Cerebrovascular disease
13
28.3
4
4.5
<0.001
8.27
2.51–27.21
Diabetes mellitus
21
44.7
19
22.4
0.008
2.80
1.30–6.05
Kidney disease
15
32.6
13
14.8
0.01
2.79
1.19–6.54
Liver disease
27
62.8
34
40.5
0.01
2.48
1.16–5.28
Respiratory disease
12
28.6
16
18.4
0.18
1.77
0.75–4.20
Upper abdominal pain
19
41.3
43
42.6
0.88
0.94
0.46–1.92
Nausea/vomiting
9
20.5
10
10.1
0.09
2.28
0.85–6.10
Heartburn
8
18.2
23
23.0
0.51
0.74
0.30–1.82
Regurgitation
2
4.5
7
7.0
0.09
2.28
0.85–6.10
Bloating
14
31.8
18
18.2
0.07
2.10
0.93–4.74
Smoking
5
13.2
7
8.1
0.51
1.71
0.50–5.77
Alcohol consumption
15
39.5
15
17.4
0.008
3.08
1.31–7.26
Obtained from Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Over 5 cigarettes/day. More than 2 units/day, 1 unit = 10 mL pure alcohol. OR: odds ratio. CI: 95% confidence interval. NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
