Review Article

Capsule Endoscopy for Ileitis with Potential Involvement of Other Sections of the Small Bowel

Table 1

Causes of ileitis based on ileocolonoscopic findings.

Inflammatory bowel disease
 Crohn’s disease
 Backwash ileitis in ulcerative colitis
Drug-related ileitis
 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy
 Other drugs
Ileitis of uncertain clinical significance
Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia
Infection
Actinomyces israelii
Anisakis spp.
Clostridium difficile
Cytomegalovirus
Histoplasma capsulatum
Mycobacterium avium complex
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella spp.
Yersinia spp.
Neoplasms
 Lymphoma
 Adenocarcinoma
 Leiomyosarcoma
 Carcinoid tumor
 Metastatic cancer
Infiltrative disorders
 Eosinophilic enteritis
 Amyloidosis
 Sarcoidosis
Vasculitides
 Behcet’s disease
 Systemic lupus erythematosus
 Henoch-Schonlein purpura
 Other vasculitides
Spondyloarthritis
 Ankylosing spondylitis
 Nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis
 Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis
 Reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)
 Spondyloarthritis associated with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis
Endometriosis
Radiation enteritis