Research Article
Factors Requiring Adjustment in the Interpretation of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen: A Cross-Sectional Study of 18,131 Healthy Nonsmokers
Table 1
Characteristics of the study population.
| | Total population () | CEA Q1 () | CEA Q4 () | value |
| | Gender | | | | <0.001 | | Female | 8596 | 2414 (56.0%) | 1555 (35.9%) | | | Male | 9535 | 1894 (44.0%) | 2778 (64.1%) | | | Age (years) | 50.8 ± 11.3 | 48.3 ± 10.9 | 53.8 ± 11.2 | <0.001 | | 51 (17–94) | | Hypertension | | | | <0.001 | | No | | 3948 (91.6%) | 3735 (86.2%) | | | Yes | 1947 | 360 (8.4%) | 598 (13.8%) | | | Diabetes | | | | <0.001 | | No | | 4215 (97.8%) | 4096 (94.5%) | | | Yes | 606 | 93 (2.2%) | 237 (5.5%) | | | Body mass index (m2/kg) | 22.9 ± 3.0 | 22.7 ± 3.0 | 23.3 ± 2.9 | <0.001 | | White blood cell count (cells/mL) | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 0.007 | | Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.2 ± 1.4 | 14.0 ± 1.4 | 14.5 ± 1.4 | <0.001 | | Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 96 ± 16.5 | 93.6 ± 13.3 | 99.3 ± 20.1 | <0.001 | | Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193.1 ± 33.5 | 192.7 ± 33.5 | 193.4 ± 34.5 | 0.373 | | AST (IU/L) | 22.8 ± 7.4 | 21.9 ± 7.2 | 23.9 ± 7.8 | <0.001 | | Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | <0.001 | | Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 104.4 ± 67.7 | 98.0 ± 60.4 | 111.5 ± 72.0 | <0.001 | | LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 118.7 ± 29.7 | 119.1 ± 30.0 | 118.5 ± 30.1 | 0.336 | | Hs-CRP | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.349 | | HbA1c | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.5 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
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