Prevalence of Functional Constipation and Relationship with Dietary Habits in 3- to 8-Year-Old Children in Japan

Table 1

Rome III criteria for functional constipation.

<4 years	≥4 years
Must include at least 2 items for 1 month	Must include 2 or more items for at least 2 months before diagnosis
(1) Two or fewer defecations per week	(1) Two or fewer defecations in the toilet per week
(2) At least 1 episode per week of incontinence after the acquisition of toileting skills	(2) At least 1 episode of fecal incontinence per week
(3) History of excessive stool retention	(3) History of retentive posturing or excessive volitional stool retention
(4) History of painful or hard bowel movements	(4) History of painful or hard bowel movements
(5) Presence of a large fecal mass in the rectum	(5) Presence of a large fecal mass in the rectum
(6) History of large-diameter stools that may obstruct the toilet	(6) History of large-diameter stools that may obstruct the toilet