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References | Country | Center (multi, single) | Study design | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria | PPI regimen for continuous therapy | PPI regimen for on-demand therapy | Primary outcome studied | Follow-up period | Esophagitis class |
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[23] | Sweden & Denmark (25 centers) | Multicenter | Double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled | NERD with resolution of heartburn after short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) | Erosive, ulcerative PUD | N/A | Omeprazole 20, omeprazole 10, placebo | Discontinuation of medicine due to unwillingness to continue | 6 months | N/A |
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[24] | 65 centers in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden | Multicenter | Randomized, double-blind, parallel group | Endoscopy-negative GERD treated with 4 weeks of omep 20 or Eso 20 | Patients requiring concomitant drugs, NSAIDS, quinidine, etc. excluded | N/A | Esomeprazole 20 mg on demand, placebo on demand | Time to discontinuation of on-demand therapy due to unwillingness to continue | 6 months | N/A |
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[25] | 116 centers in the UK, the Republic of Ireland, and Canada | Multicenter | Randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study | Patients with NERD treated with Eso 40, 20, or Omep 20 for 4 weeks | Patients requiring concomitant drugs, NSAIDS, quinidine, etc. excluded | N/A | Esomeprazole 40 mg on demand, esomeprazole 20 mg on demand, placebo on demand | Time to study discontinuation due to unwillingness to continue for any reason | 6 months | N/A |
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[26] | International (Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, France, Portugal, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Belgium, United Kingdom, Russia, Poland, and Lithuania) | Multicenter | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, withdrawal study | NERD treated with rabeprazole 10 mg PO daily for 4 weeks | Patients with erosive disease and no relief of heartburn in acute 4-week phase | N/A | Rabeprazole 10 mg on demand, placebo on demand | The proportion of patients discontinuing treatment in the on-demand phase because of inadequate heartburn control | 6 months | N/A |
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[27] | Germany 36 centers | Multicenter | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison | Nonerosive GERD or reflux esophagitis grade 1 according to Savary–Miller classification underwent 4 weeks of pantoprazole 20 mg PO OD for 4 weeks | Patients symptomtic after acute phase or nonerosive GERD or reflux esophagitis grade 2 to 4 according to Savary–Miller classification | N/A | Pantoprazole 40 mg on demand, pantoprazole 20 mg on demand, placebo on demand | Discontinuation rate due to insufficient control of heartburn | 6 months | Savary-Miller grade 0 or 1 |
[28] | 40 centers in Germany and five in Lithuania | Multicenter | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group comparison | Nonerosive GERD or reflux esophagitis grade 1 according to Savary–Miller classification underwent 4 weeks of pantoprazole 20 mg PO OD for 4 weeks | Patients symptomtic after acute phase or nonerosive GERD or reflux esophagitis grades 2 to 4 according to Savary–Miller classification | N/A | Pantoprazole 20 mg on demand, placebo on demand | The number of patients unwilling to continue the therapy and the corresponding reasons for it were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier analysis | 7 months | Savary-Miller grade 0 or 1 |
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