Renal Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of study patients.

Characteristics	ACEi/ARB ()	CCB ()
	(%)	(%)	value
Age, y, median (IQR)	67.75 (58.41–75.52)	67.97 (58.58–75.30)	0.914
Gender			>0.999
Female	873 (39.9)	873 (39.9)
Male	1315 (60.1)	1315 (60.1)
Cause of cirrhosis
Hepatitis B virus infection	274 (12.5)	274 (12.5)	>0.999
Hepatitis C virus infection	312 (14.3)	283 (12.9)	0.217
Alcoholic liver disease	145 (6.6)	147 (6.7)	0.952
Other chronic hepatitis	942 (43.1)	922 (42.1)	0.561
Comorbidity
Hypertension	1982 (90.6)	2000 (91.4)	0.369
Diabetes mellitus	845 (38.6)	856 (39.1)	0.756
Congestive heart failure	222 (10.2)	210 (9.6)	0.577
Hyperlipidemia	504 (23.0)	501 (22.9)	0.943
Drug exposure
Beta-blockers	528 (24.1)	542 (24.8)	0.648
Statin	159 (7.3)	193 (8.8)	0.067
Metformin	542 (24.8)	561 (25.7)	0.531
Aspirin	464 (21.2)	478 (21.9)	0.633
NSAIDs or COX-2	862 (39.4)	879 (40.2)	0.621
ESRD	29 (1.3)	28 (1.3)	>0.999
Competing mortality	739 (33.8)	928 (42.4)	<0.001
Follow-up year (IQR)	2.95 (1.26–5.78)	3.14 (1.24–6.19)	0.089

ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB: calcium channel blocker; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; IQR: interquartile range; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.