Renal Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Table 2

Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis of risk of ESRD after adjustment for competing mortality.

	HR (95% CI)	value
ACEi/ARB vs. CCB users	1.15 (0.69–1.94)	0.591
Age	0.98 (0.96–1.00)	0.040
Male vs. female	1.02 (0.59–1.80)	0.932
Hepatitis B virus infection	0.71 (0.28–1.82)	0.481
Hepatitis C virus infection	0.73 (0.28–1.90)	0.522
Alcoholic liver disease	0.20 (0.03–1.40)	0.104
Other chronic hepatitis	0.73 (0.42–1.27)	0.267
Hypertension	1.82 (0.57–5.74)	0.309
Diabetes mellitus	2.49 (1.29–4.82)	0.007
Congestive heart failure	1.31 (0.53–3.27)	0.559
Hyperlipidemia	1.25 (0.69–2.25)	0.465
Beta-blockers	0.71 (0.38–1.32)	0.278
Statin	1.14 (0.50–2.61)	0.760
Metformin	0.86 (0.44–1.68)	0.664
Aspirin	0.94 (0.49–1.81)	0.858
NSAIDs or COX-2	0.51 (0.29–0.91)	0.022

ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB: calcium channel blocker; CI: confidence interval; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; HR: hazard ratio; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.