Diagnosing Celiac Disease: Towards Wide-Scale Screening and Serology-Based Criteria?

Table 3

Studies assessing the positive predictive value (PPV) of high tissue transglutaminase antibody (tTGab) values in the diagnosis of celiac disease.

Reference	Cohort	Country	tTGab threshold	Number of tested assays	PPV (%)
Children
Paul et al., 2018 [76]	157	UK	10x ULN	1^b	100
Werkstetter et al., 2017 [72]	707	Multicenter	10x ULN	8	99.6–100^c
Wolf et al., 2017 [73]	898	Germany	10x ULN	1	98.8
Smarrazzo et al., 2017 [129]	1,974	Multicenter	10x ULN	8	96.1
Elitsur et al., 2017 [88]	240	USA	10x ULN	1^b	87.7
Trovato et al., 2015 [75]	286	Italy	10x ULN	1	91.0–92.5
Gidrewicz et al., 2015 [130]	17,505	Canada	10x ULN	1	92.8
Adults
Efthymakis et al., 2017 [93]	234	Italy	10x ULN	2	97.6
Ganji et al., 2016 [131]	299^a	Iran	10x ULN	1	100
Tortora et al., 2014 [101]	310	Italy	8.9x ULN	1	100

^aAdults and adolescents. ^btTGab assay was not specified. ^cLowest obtained specificity when testing different diagnostic scenarios and excluding inconclusive patients. ULN: upper limit of normal; ND: no data.