Demographics and Clinical and Endoscopic Characteristics of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Case-Control Study
Table 5
Determinants of insurgence of hiatal hernia in GERD patients (multivariate logistic regression analysis).
Parameter
OR
95%CI OR
Lower bound
Upper bound
value
H. pylori status (negative versus positive)
1.641
1.036
2.600
0.035
Ethnicity (Arabs versus Jews)
0.993
0.685
1.441
0.972
BMI
1.000
0.982
1.018
0.968
Rural versus urban
0.768
0.583
1.012
0.061
Age
1.014
1.006
1.022
0.001
Gender
0.950
0.724
1.248
0.713
Smoking status
0.916
0.539
1.555
0.745
Alcohol consumption
0.955
0.480
1.903
0.897
Comorbidities
0.730
0.484
1.102
0.134
ASA/NSAID users
0.001
0.001
0.002
Statin users
253.885
89.148
723.041
PPI users
0.591
0.346
1.007
0.053
Constant
0.334
ā
ā
0.074
ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; BMI: body mass index; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PPIs: proton pump inhibitors.