Endoscopic Sphincterotomy before Fully Covered Metal Stent Placement Is Not Required for Distal Malignant Biliary Stricture due to a Pancreatic Head Tumor

Table 5

Previous reports comparing adverse events in the presence or absence of endoscopic sphincterotomy before biliary metal stent placement.

Author	Year	Study design	Stent type ()	Primary diseases with EST/without EST ()		Adverse events with EST/without EST (%)
				P-cancer	Others	Pancreatitis	Bleeding	Perforation	Migration	Cholecystitis
Artifon [18]	2008	RCT	PC: 74	30/30	7/7	0/0	13.5/0	10.8/0	16.2/2.7	—
Banerjee [20]	2011	Retro	NC: 70, PC: 34	56	48	3.7/0	18.5/0	—	3.7/3.9	—
Zhou [22]	2012	RCT	NC: 82	11/10	30/31	9.8/31.7	—	—	—	—
Nakahara [21]	2013	Retro	PC: 57, FC: 22	37/36	1/5	2.6/2.4	2.6/0	0/0	2.6/7.3	5.3/4.9
Hayashi [19]	2015	RCT	PC: 200	100/100	0/0	9.4/8.2	1.0/0	0/1.0	—	—
Present study	—	Retro	FC: 68	30/34	2/2	3.1/0	0/0	0/0	6.3/5.6	6.3/5.6

EST: endoscopic sphincterotomy; P-cancer: pancreatic cancer; RCT: prospective randomized controlled trial; Retro: retrospective study; PC: partially covered; NC: noncovered; FC: fully covered.