Review Article

Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Aortoesophageal Fistula Related to Aortic Lesions

Table 5

Cox regression analyses.

Univariable Cox regressionMultivariable Cox regression
HR95% CIHR95% CI

Age1.0271.011-1.0430.0011.0040.988-1.0210.587
Hemorrhagic shock2.1241.444-3.123<0.0011.8241.217-2.7350.004
Contrast leak in CT†2.1021.134-3.8970.018
Aneurysm size†1.1551.044-1.2790.005
Sepsis1.9001.291-2.7950.0011.7141.112-2.6410.015
Multiorgan failure3.5441.872-6.710<0.0013.0601.470-6.3680.003
Aortic rupture3.1861.289-7.7860.0122.4100.949-6.1170.064
Conservative treatment6.5704.459-9.681<0.0015.2573.405-8.116<0.001
Aortic graft+esophagectomy0.2140.099-0.460<0.0010.3190.125-0.8130.017
TEVAR+aortic graft±esophageal treatments0.4240.186-0.9680.0420.4930.172-1.4150.189

AEF: aortoesophageal fistula; TEVAR: thoracic endovascular aortic repair; CT: computed tomography; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.
†Contrast leak in CT and aneurysm size were excluded from multivariate regression analysis due to the lack of information in more than 15% of patients with AEF.