Orthodontic Rubber Band-Assisted Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: An Efficient Method for Treating Superficial Colorectal Tumors

Table 1

Baseline patient characteristics and treatment outcomes in the entire cohort before propensity score matching (PSM).

	ORB-ESD group ()	Conventional ESD group ()	value
Age (years)	55 (50–65)	57 (52–66)	0.466^W
Sex, (%)			0.302^C
Male	18 (52.9)	58 (64.4)
Female	16 (47.1)	32 (35.6)
Gross type, (%)			≤0.001^C
Polypoid	4 (11.8)	42 (46.7)
Superficial	30 (88.2)	48 (53.3)
Lesion location, (%)			0.093^C
Right colon	16 (47.1)	24 (26.7)
Left colon	6 (17.6)	25 (27.8)
Rectum	12 (35.3)	41 (45.6)
Lesion size (mm)	20 (20–27)	21 (20–30)	0.416^W
Procedure time (min)	34.5 (26–42)	56 (44–66)	≤0.001^W
Fibrosis, (%)	3 (8.8)	3 (3.3)	0.344^F
Operator experiences, (%)			1^C
Expert	14 (41.2)	38 (42.2)
Trainee	20 (58.8)	52 (57.8)
Complications, (%)			1^F
Delayed bleeding	1 (2.9)	4 (4.4)
Perforation	1 (2.9)	2 (2.2)
En bloc resection, (%)	34 (100)	90 (100)	1^F
R0 resection, (%)	33 (97.1)	81 (90.0)	0.283^F
Histology			0.275^F
Mucosal lesion	30 (88.2)	82 (91.1)
SM1	2 (5.9)	7 (7.8)
SM2	2 (5.9)	1 (1.1)

ORB: orthodontic rubber band; ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection; SM1: superficial invasive submucosal carcinoma (<1000 μm); SM2: deep invasive submucosal carcinoma (≥1000 μm). ^WMann-Whitney test, ^Cchi-squared test, ^FFisher’s exact test.