Extended Perioperative Antibiotic Coverage in Conjunction with Intraoperative Bile Cultures Decreases Infectious Complications after Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 1

Postoperative events and their description.

Bacteremia	Blood culture proven bacteremia in a patient within 30 days of surgery.
Wound infection/dehiscence	Both superficial and deep surgical site infections, and/or wound dehiscence, diagnosed by laboratory confirmation or by attending physician within 30 days of surgery.
Organ/space infections	Intra-abdominal/solid organ intraparenchymal fluid collection, with purulent drainage from a drain or radiographic evidence with FNA sampling all confirmed by laboratory, presenting within 30 days of surgery.
Readmissions	Any in-patient admission to the same or different hospital for adverse events related to PD, within 30 days of surgery.
Reoperation	Procedures under general, local, spinal, or epidural anesthesia including wound debridement, in-patient I&D, IR drainage, or outpatient surgery for adverse events related to PD within 30 days of surgery.
Anastomotic leak	Any fluid collection or drain output with amylase content 3x the serum level or total bilirubin > 5 mg/dL above the patient’s serum bilirubin was considered a leak, regardless of daily output.