Incidence of Pregnancy after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa: A Retrospective Clinical Cohort Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of 5,996 women initiating HAART in Johannesburg, South Africa from 1 April 2004 to 30 September 2009 by pregnancy status at baseline.

Baseline characteristics	Pregnant (𝑛 = 586)	Not pregnant (𝑛 = 5,410)	𝑃-value
Age (years)	30 (26, 33)	34 (29, 38)	<0.0001
Weight (kg)	68 (60, 77)	57 (49, 65)	<0.0001
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	26.5 (23.3, 29.7)	22.2 (19.5, 25.5)	<0.0001
WHO stage III or IV	100 (18.2)	2372 (43.1)	<0.0001
Hemoglobin, low^‡	123 (30.9)	2918 (54.7)	<0.0001
CD4 count (cells/mm^3)	156 (106, 200)	93 (35, 164)	<0.0001
CD4 count ≤ 50 (cells/mm^3)	45 (8.8)	1739 (32.6)	<0.0001

Categorical variables are expressed as number (% total); continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range). 𝑃-values are two-sided by chi-square test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. ^‡After adjustment for altitude, lower limit of normal hemoglobin is 11.35 and 10.35 g/dL for nonpregnant and pregnant women, respectively.