Research Article

Evolution of Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices regarding Zika Virus from 2016 to 2017

Table 2

Responses to “knowledge” questions regarding Zika virus disease and infection.

Community Member ResponsesHealthcare Provider Responses
2016 Survey (%)2017 Survey (%)95% CI2016 Survey (%)2017 Survey (%)95% CI

Are you aware of Zika virus?
Yes91/97 (94)165/166 (99)0.0257/57 (100)87/89 (98)0.25
No2/97 (2)0/166 (0)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
No answer4/97 (4)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)0/89 (0)
How is the Zika virus spread?
Fly bite0/97 (0)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)0/89 (0)
Mosquito Bite92/97 (95)163/166 (98)0.1956/57 (98)87/89 (98)0.24
Do not know1/97 (1)1/166 (1)1/57 (2)0/89 (0)
No answer4/97 (4)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Zika virus infection?
Fever2/97 (2)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Rash3/97 (3)5/166 (3)4/57 (7)2/89 (2)
Pneumonia45/97 (46)107/166 (64)0.01942/57 (74)70/89 (79)0.19
Joint Pain2/97 (2)2/166 (1)1/57 (2)0/89 (0)
Conjunctivitis (red eyes)15/97 (15)28/166 (17)5/57 (9)3/89 (3)
Do not know26/97 (27)22/166 (13)5/57 (9)12/89 (13)
No answer4/97 (4)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
What percentage of people infected with Zika virus will have symptoms?
20%38/97 (39)76/166 (46)29/57 (51)47/89 (53)
40%16/97 (16)28/166 (17)0.2411/57 (19)11/89 (12)0.52
60%3/97 (3)7/166 (4)2/57 (4)1/89 (1)
80%1/97 (1)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)1/89 (1)
Do not know34/97 (35)53/166 (32)15/57 (26)27/89 (30)
No answer5/97 (5)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
What is the treatment for Zika virus infection?
Antibiotics5/97 (5)10/166 (6)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Antivirals26/97 (27)53/166 (32)0/57 (0)3/89 (3)
Antifungals0/97 (0)0/166 (0)7/57 (12)19/89 (21)
Tylenol and rest21/97 (22)59/166 (36)0.00941/57 (72)50/89 (56)0.18
Do not know41/97 (42)43/166 (26)9/57 (16)15/89 (17)
No answer4/97 (4)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Has anyone been infected with Zika virus in the US?
Yes63/97 (65)151/166 (91)0.000135/57 (61)75/89 (84)0.002
No20/97 (21)7/166 (4)18/57 (32)7/89 (8)
Do not know9/97 (9)7/166 (4)4/57 (7)5/89 (5)
No answer5/97 (5)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Has anyone been infected with Zika virus by traveling from the US to known Zika areas outside the US?
Yes84/97 (87)151/166 (91)0.2453/57 (93)83/89 (93)0.64
No4/97 (4)6/166 (3)1/57 (2)1/89 (1)
Do not know5/97 (5)8/166 (5)3/57 (5)3/89 (3)
No answer4/97 (4)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Is there an approved vaccine for Zika virus?
Yes2/97 (2)6/166 (4)1/57 (2)4/89 (4)
No74/97 (76)144/166 (87)0.04856/57 (98)75/89 (84)0.048
Do not know17/97 (17)14/166 (8)0/57 (0)8/89 (9)
No answer4/97 (4)2/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Is there a link between Zika virus and the birth defect microcephaly (small head)?
Yes87/97 (90)157/166 (95)0.0957/57 (100)87/89 (98)0.25
No0/97 (0)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)0/89 (2)
Do not know5/97 (5)7/166 (4)0/57 (0)0/89 (0)
No answer5/97 (5)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)2/89 (2)
Can an infected man transfer Zika virus to a woman through sexual activity?
Yes74/97 (76)144/166 (87)0.1252/57 (91)74/89 (83)0.4
No1/97 (1)4/166 (2)3/57 (5)6/89 (7)
Do not know14/97 (14)13/166 (8)1/57 (2)3/89 (3)
It is unknown3/97 (3)2/166 (1)1/57 (2)1/89 (1)
No answer5/97 (5)3/166 (2)0/57 (0)5/89 (5)
Can an infected mother transfer Zika virus to her unborn baby?
Yes67/97 (69)144/166 (87)0.00852/57 (91)75/89 (84)0.34
No3/97 (3)2/166 (1)1/57 (2)1/89 (1)
Do not know19/97 (19)12/166 (7)3/57 (5)4/89 (5)
It is unknown3/97 (3)5/166 (3)1/57 (1)3/89 (3)
No answer5/97 (5)3/166 (2)0/57 (0)6/89 (6)
What is the common breeding site for the mosquito that spreads Zika virus?
standing water78/97 (80)155/166 (93)0.00755/57 (96)80/89 (90)0.38
running water0/97 (0)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)1/89 (1)
salt water0/97 (0)1/166 (1)0/57 (0)0/89 (0)
Do not know13/97 (13)6/166 (3)2/57 (4)5/89 (6)
No answer6/97 (6)3/166 (2)0/57 (0)3/89 (3)
Is DEET safe in pregnancy?
Yes24/97 (25)34/166 (20)0.1928/57 (49)30/89 (34)0.05
No29/97 (30)60/166 (36)19/57 (33)26/89 (29)
Do not know38/97 (39)69/166 (42)10/57 (18)29/89 (33)
No answer6/97 (6)3/166 (2)0/57 (0)4/89 (4)
Is permethrin safe in pregnancy?
Yes10/97 (10)19/166 (11)0.1819/57 (33)19/89 (21)0.17
No10/97 (10)20/166 (12)9/57 (16)19/89 (21)
Do not know69/97 (71)123/166 (74)29/57 (51)47/89 (53)
No answer8/97 (8)4/166 (2)0/57 (0)4/89 (4)
Where should you apply insect repellent?
Under sunscreen11/97 (11)24/166 (14)7/57 (12)16/89 (18)
Over sunscreen43/97 (44)87/166 (52)0.0538/57 (67)38/89 (43)0.04
Do not know35/97 (36)52/166 (31)11/57 (19)32/89 (36)
No answer8/97 (8)3/166 (2)1/57 (1)3/89 (3)
If infected with Zika virus, when is one most likely to infect others?
First week of symptoms20/97 (21)51/166 (31)0.0926/57 (46)29/89 (33)0.24
Second week of symptoms8/97 (8)13/166 (8)4/57 (7)6/89 (6)
Third week of symptoms2/97 (2)6/166 (4)2/57 (4)1/89 (1)
Do not know60/97 (62)93/166 (56)25/57 (44)50/89 (56)
No answer7/97 (7)3/166 (2)1/57 (0)3/89 (3)
These precautions will help to reduce the risk of mosquito bites (yes/no)
Remove standing water80/97 (82)154/166 (93)0.01556/57 (98)81/89 (91)0.29
Sleep under a mosquito net76/97 (78)160/166 (96)0.000154/57 (95)83/89 (93)0.15
Use screens on windows and doors82/97 (85)160/166 (96)0.004956/57 (98)84/89 (94)0.19