Malaria in Pregnancy in Endemic Regions of Colombia: High Frequency of Asymptomatic and Peri-Urban Infections in Pregnant Women with Malaria
Table 3
Socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of infected pregnant women.
Infected ()
No-infected ()
OR
95% IC
Socio-demographic characteristics
Age (years)
25.5 (19.7-28.2)
23 (20.0-28.0)
1.03
0.98-1.08
<20 years old: (%)
13 (28.3)
217 (29.3)
0.95
0.49-1.84
Head of household: (%)
38 (82.6)
615 (84.8)
1.07
0.41-2.81
# people/house
4.5 (4.0-5.0)
4 (3.0-6.0)
0.916
0.73-1.15
Socioeconomic stratum ≤1: (%)
46 (100)
675 (98.8)
ND
ND
Occupational exposure to mosquito bite: (%)
2 (4.4)
17 (2.4)
1.87
0.42-8.36
Residence area: (%)
Rural
9 (20.0)
351 (48.7)
1
Urban and peri-urban
36 (80.0)
370 (51.3)
3.79
1.80-7.99
Water service: (%)
23 (50.0)
268 (36.3)
0.57
0.31-1.03
Water bodies around the home: (%)
25 (54.3)
398 (54.5)
0.99
0.55-1.81
Obstetric characteristics
Gestational age (weeks)
20 (16.00-32.75)
32 (18.0-38.0)
0.96
0.94-0.99
Trimester: (%)
First
9 (19.6)
101 (13.7)
2.43
1.04-5.65
Second
21 (45.7)
201 (27.2)
2.85
1.45-5.57
Third
16 (34.8)
436 (59.1)
1
# previous pregnancies
1 (0.0-2.0)
1 (0.0-2.0)
1.01
0.84-1.23
Primigravidae: (%)
18 (39.1)
284 (38.3)
1.03
0.56-1.90
# ANC visits
3 (2.0-5.0)
4 (2.0-6.0)
0.85
0.73-0.99
Malaria related characteristics (self-report)
Living years in the area
20 (6.0-27.2)
19 (5.0-23.0)
1.02
0.99-1.05
Malaria during last year: (%)
7 (15.2)
32 (4.3)
3.97
1.65-9.56
Malaria in the current pregnancy: (%)
12 (26.1)
20 (2.7)
12.71
5.74-28.11
Malaria in a cohabitant (last 6 months): (%)
15 (34.9)
95 (13.5)
3.40
1.75-6.60
Use of bed net: (%)
Always
16 (34.8)
362 (49.3)
Most of the time
8 (17.4)
75 (10.2)
2.41
1.00-5.84
Some times
16 (34.8)
140 (19)
2.57
1.26-5.31
Never
6 (13)
158 (21.5)
0.86
0.33-2.24
IQR: interquartile range; CI95: confidence Interval of 95%; (sample size). Binary logistic regression. Maternal infections were considered if nPCR was positive by Plasmodium spp in peripheral blood or placental blood (at delivery).
