Assessing the Economic Impact of Inversion Tillage, Cover Crops, and Herbicide Regimes in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Infested Cotton

Table 2

Description of herbicide treatments.

Herbicide regime	Chemical		Rate
			kg ai ha^−1
PRE	Pendimethalin	Prowl®, BASF Ag. Products, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA	0.84
	Fomesafen	Reflex®, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Greensboro, NC, USA	0.28
POST	Glufosinate	Ignite, Bayer Crop Science, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA	0.60
	S-Metolachlor	Dual II Magnum®, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Greensboro, NC, USA	0.54
PRE+POST	Pendimethalin	Prowl, BASF Ag. Products, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA	0.84
	Fomesafen	Reflex, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Greensboro, NC, USA	0.28
	Glufosinate	Ignite, Bayer Crop Science, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA	0.60
	S-Metolachlor	Dual II Magnum, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Greensboro, NC, USA	0.54
LAYBY	Prometryn	Caporal®, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Greensboro, NC, USA	0.84
	MSMA	Drexel Chemical Company, Memphis, TN, USA	1.4
	Sethoxydim	Poast Plus®, BASF Ag. Products, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA	0.28

PRE herbicides were applied using 145 L ha⁻¹ of water carrier delivered through a CO₂-pressurized backpack sprayer with 8002 flat-fan nozzles. POST herbicides were applied 15 to 20 days after planting cotton to 3 to 4 leaves of Palmer amaranth using 145 L ha⁻¹ delivered through an ATV-mounted sprayer with 8002 flat-fan spray nozzles.
In 2011, a second POST application glufosinate (0.60 kg ai ha⁻¹) was made to the POST and PRE+POST treatments for added weed control.