Inexpensive Bismuth-Film Electrode Supported on Pencil-Lead Graphite for Determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Ions by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Figure 3

Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammograms obtained for Cd(II) and Pb(II) in 0.10 mol L⁻¹ acetate buffer solution (pH 4.5) as supporting electrolyte; (a) 250 mg L⁻¹ of Bi(III) dissolved in supporting electrolyte, (b) without Bi(III), determined with GE containing 142 µg L⁻¹ of Cd(II) and Pb(II) (E_dp = -1.40 V; t_dp = 250 s; potential step =1.95 mV; amplitude = 25 mV).