The Rapid Discrimination and Quality Assessment of Three Zanthoxylum Species Using ¹H NMR Spectrometry

Figure 1

¹H NMR spectra of three Zanthoxylum species—Z. bungeanum (a, c), Z. schinifolium (d, e), and Z. piperitum (f, g)—and the structure of xanthoxylin (b). The ¹H NMR spectra corresponding to the signals of 4-OCH₃ and 6-OCH₃ in (a), (d), and (f) were magnified to (c), (e), and (g), respectively.

(a)

(b)

(c)

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(e)

(f)

(g)