Perfusion Imaging with SPECT in the Era of Pathophysiology-Based Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease

Table 1

Perfusion SPECT versus biomarkers in AD.

Method	FDG-PET	Perfusion-SPECT	CSF	Amyloid-PET
First description	Farkas et al., 1982 [9]	Launes et al., 1991 [2]	Motter et al., 1995 [32]	Klunk et al., 2004 [22]
Diagnostic accuracy Sensitivity; Specificity; Meta-analysis	[10]; 86% (CI: 76%–93%); 86% (CI: 72%–93%); Yes	[3]; 66% (CI: 62%–69%); 79% (CI: 75%–83%); Yes	[13, 15]; 80%–85%; 85%–90%; Yes	[23]; appr. 85%–100%%; appr. 85%–100%; No
Clinical availability	Academic centers	Greater hospitals	Theoretically everywhere	Academic centers
Equipment	Cycloton	Gamma-camera	ELISA reader	Cycloton
Cost Estimation	>1000 EUR	<300 EUR	<200 EUR	>2000 EUR
Expertise for result interpretation	High	High	High	High
Treatment options if test positive	MCI: negative	MCI: negative	MCI: negative	MCI: negative
	AD: positive	AD: positive	AD: positive	AD: positive
		DLB: off-label; FTD: negative

CI: 95% confidence interval. MCI: mild cognitive impairment.