Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies in Alzheimer's Disease

Table 2

Motor cortex excitability parameters trend in patients examined. 𝑇₁: basal evaluation, 𝑇₂: 1 year after AchE-ib treatment, ADM: Abductor Digiti Minimi Muscle, ECD: Extensor Digitorum Communis Muscle, SD: standard deviation. The table shows the AchEI therapy effect was not significantly impacting on TMS parameters (Pillai’s trace = .996; F(5,5) = 2.440;𝑃=.175). Consistently, looking at single measures, the authors did not find any significant change (𝑃=.154 for threshold, 𝑃=.416 for ADM area, 𝑃=.484 for ECD area, 𝑃=.682 for ADM volume, 𝑃=.368 for ECD volume) (modified from [14]).

TMS Parameter	Hemisphere	Time
		𝑇1		𝑇2
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Threshold (%)	Right	40.8	5.8	38.7	6.8
	Left	39.6	4.9	37.4	5.6
Area ADM (N)	Right	5.3	2.5	4.9	2.4
	Left	5.4	3.5	4.4	3.5
Area ECD (N)	Right	5.7	2.6	5.3	2.5
	Left	6.1	4.3	5.2	3.5
Volume ADM (microV)	Right	26.8	12.9	27.0	15.1
	Left	29.4	18.9	25.8	19.5
Volume ECD (microV)	Right	33.3	15.6	29.7	15.8
	Left	38.4	27.6	31.9	21.0