Research Article
Association between the APOE ε4 Allele and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease in an Ecuadorian Mestizo Population
Table 4
Studies on APOE and AD in the Latin American population.
| | Population | Cases/controls
() | AD diagnosis | OR (95% CI) | ε4 frequencies (%)
(cases/controls) |
| | “Hispanics” [22] | 261/267 | Probable or definite | ε3ε4: 2.2 (1.3–3.4)
ε4ε4: 2.2 (0.7–6.7) = n.s. | 19.2/11.0 = 1.7 |
| “Hispanics”
Caribbean [23] | 145/516 | Unspecified | ε4 carriers: 1.1 (0.7–1.6) = n.s. | 14.8/14.1 = 1.0 |
| | “Hispanics” [24] | 140/219 | Unspecified | APOE ε4 heterozygous: 1.6 (1.1–2.3)
APOE ε4 homozygous: 2.5 (1.1–5.7) | 19.0/10.0 = 1.9 |
| | Mexico [25] | 28/28 | Probable and possible | ε4 carriers: 2.04 (0.59, 7.10) = n.s. | 21.4/12.5 = 1.7 |
| | Mexico [26] | 49/141 | Unspecified | ε4 carriers: 1.01 (0.45–2.23) = n.s. | 13.2/10.9 = 1.2 |
| | Cuba [27] | 80/21 | Probable | ε4 carriers: 4.33 (1.27–14.79) | 25.0/7.1 = 3.6 |
| | Cuba [28] | 273/2247 | Any dementia diagnosis | ε3ε4: 2.59 (2.04–3.28)
ε4ε4: 2.88 (1.58–5.27)
ε4 carriers: 2.47 (1.96–3.12) | 17.4/8.0 = 2.2 |
| | Brazil [29] | 104/108 | Unspecified | ε4 carriers: 3.63 (2.19–6.03) | 33.1/12.0 = 2.8 |
| | Brazil [30] | 120/120 | Probable | ε3ε4: 3.22 (1.73–6.01)
ε4ε4: 9.57 (2.07–44.13)
ε4 carriers: 4.35 (2.45–7.78) | 31.0/10.0 = 3.1 |
| | Argentina [31] | 45/45 | Probable | ε4 carriers: 3.33 (1.20–9.02). | 22.0/7.7 = 2.9 |
| | Venezuela [32] | 121/1665 | Unspecified | ε4 carriers: 2.97 (1.87–4.71) | 17.0/11.0 = 1.5 |
| | Venezuela [33] | 79/100 | Unspecified | ε3ε4: 1.93 (1.02–3.70)
ε4ε4: 4.29 (1.32–13.90) | 34.8/16.0 = 2.2 |
| | Chile [34] | 95/187 | Probable and possible | ε3ε4: 2.4 (1.3–4.5)
ε4ε4: 12.8 (3.9–47.6)
ε4 carriers: 2.9 (1.7–5.1) | 40.0/19.0 = 2.1 |
| | Colombia [35] | 181/181 | Unspecified | APOE ε4 heterozygous: 5.51 (3.32–9.16)
APOE ε4 homozygous: 21 (2.79–6.48) | 58.0/13.0 = 4.5 |
| | Colombia [36] | 83/44 | Probable and possible | ε4 carriers: 5.1 (1.9–13.6) | 23.4/6.8 = 3.4 |
| | Colombia [36] | 39/44 | Probable | ε4 carriers: 7.4 (2.5–22.0) | 30.8/6.8 = 4.5 |
| | Ecuador [21] | 39/39 | Unspecified | ε3ε4: 2.15 (0.6–7.9) = n.s.
ε4ε4: 2.58 (0.2–76.8) = n.s. | 17.9/10.3 = 1.7 |
| | Ecuador (current study) | 56/58 | Probable | ε4 carriers: 7.286 (2.824–18.799) | 33.9/6.0 = 5.7 |
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n.s.: no significant effect.
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