Feasibility Study and Demonstration of an Aluminum and Ice Solid Propellant

Table 1

Properties of 80 nm aluminum powder (Novacentrix Inc., product no. M2666).

Mean particle diameter, 𝐷av (nm)			Lognormal probability distribution parameters		Oxide layer thickness, 𝑡av (nm)
𝐷av, BET^(a)	𝐷av, SAS^(b)	𝐷av^(c)	Mean^(c)	Std. Dev.^(c)	𝑡av, SAS^(b)	𝑡av, SSA^(d)	𝑡av^(c)
70	71±7	79	4.25	0.481	2.4	2.34	2.54

^(a)Per BET analysis as reported by Mang et al. [24].
^(b)Per Small Angle Scattering analysis as reported by Mang et al. [24].
^(c)Per SEM and TEM images analysis as reported by Sippel [25].
^(d)Calculated from BET surface area and reported by Sippel [25].