Can Scalable Design of Wings for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle Be Inspired by Natural Flyers?

<div>Wing loading and aspect ratio for flapping wing MAVs (left) and <svg height="12.1958pt" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-3.429399pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.7664 45.1974 12.1958" width="45.1974pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M570 304C570 398 525 448 414 448C385 448 343 445 312 434L329 511L321 518C297 504 262 482 244 460L233 411C195 397 159 381 128 358L135 332C160 347 189 360 224 373L111 -147C97 -210 84 -218 17 -231L13 -257L254 -247L259 -218L233 -216C183 -212 177 -202 189 -142L218 -1C238 -10 266 -12 283 -12C351 3 429 48 483 105C543 168 570 242 570 304ZM482 289C482 161 380 33 304 33C278 33 248 51 233 69L303 396C326 400 352 403 369 403C428 403 482 380 482 289Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.384,3.132)"><path d="M708 439H523V409C587 401 594 395 581 344C562 272 534 184 513 118H511C468 225 428 330 391 434H361C318 317 283 217 244 121H242C218 196 193 273 170 349C157 394 160 401 220 409V439H10V409C60 403 67 394 86 343C127 224 165 109 201 -10H233C273 101 314 199 353 299C393 195 432 99 475 -10H507C554 126 596 251 627 334C648 390 657 401 708 409V439Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.255,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.791,0)"><path d="M673 0V28C608 34 594 43 563 129C499 303 432 494 370 665L339 656L132 132C98 43 84 37 20 28V0H238V28C162 35 154 45 175 108C188 150 203 192 219 237H432C454 176 474 122 487 83S491 36 428 28V0H673ZM418 280H234C265 362 296 450 328 535H330L418 280Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.774,0)"><path d="M631 18C609 24 585 35 559 65C534 91 514 117 478 169C448 214 406 281 389 313C462 346 516 399 516 485C516 545 490 590 449 616C412 641 363 650 290 650H42V622C120 615 128 612 128 527V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H300V28C221 34 212 40 212 125V284H244C295 284 312 272 329 244C359 195 395 133 430 84C475 19 516 -3 592 -7C603 -8 615 -8 627 -8L631 18ZM212 316V563C212 591 215 602 223 607C231 613 248 617 277 617C352 617 423 577 423 469C423 415 407 375 368 345C343 324 310 316 260 316H212Z"></path></g></svg> ratio (right).</div>

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

fig11

Figure 11

Figure 11: Can Scalable Design of Wings for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle Be Inspired by Natural Flyers? 