Research Article

Hybrid Differential Evolution with Biogeography-Based Optimization for Design of a Reconfigurable Antenna Array with Discrete Phase Shifters

Table 1

Design Specifications.

Design parametersPencil patternSector pattern

Side-lobe level (SLL)−30 dB−25 dB
Half-power bandwidth (HPBW)6.8°24°
Bandwidth at SLL20°40°
RippleNA0.5 dB