Research Article

A Comparative Study on Sideband Optimization in Time-Modulated Arrays

Table 3

Calculated benchmark parameters of DE algorithm outputs for SC.

SC
SBL SR SB
Best Worst Mean Best Worst Mean Best Worst Mean

0.136 0.184 0.149 0.119 0.166 0.140 0.124 0.189 0.143
(dB) −30.593 −27.949 −30.375 −42.125 −24.251 −36.233 −38.552 −32.861 −48.142
(%) 6.593 7.570 6.044 0.665 4.987 1.923 0.939 1.808 1.070
(dB) 13.797 13.537 13.680 14.017 13.886 13.950 14.047 14.187 14.031

represents the cost function value, represents the maximum sideband level, represents the power loss percentage, and represents the time-average directivity.