Taming the Electromagnetic Boundaries via Metasurfaces: From Theory and Fabrication to Functional Devices

Figure 45

(a) Configuration of tunable absorbing material. (b) Measured reflectivity at different bias voltages under incident angle of 15°, and the power loss density at two frequencies is shown in (c). (d) Photograph of the fabricated active absorber; the measured sample has an area of 340 × 340 mm², consisting of 200 units. Varactor and pin diodes are assembled through hand-soldering techniques. (e) Measured reflectance spectra of the active absorber with different bias voltages applied upon PIN diode. Figures are reproduced from [228, 229].